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Protestant Recovery of Deacons and Deaconesses
- The terms ‘deaconess’ and ‘deacon’ refer to an office of service in the church that exists today and dates back to the first century. The terms themselves are derived from the Greek verb, diakonein, and its cognate nouns diakonos and diakonia. Diakonein meant to serve or to minister. The no...
- Author
- Jeannine Olson
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
The Lord’s Prayer
- Christians throughout the world recite the Lord’s Prayer in their personal devotions and in liturgical settings. Its universality and authority stem from its origin in the very words of Jesus in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. Thus, Cyprian of Carthage (210–258) could write: ‘For what can be...
- Author
- John Gavin
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Liturgy
- The centre of Christian liturgy is the revelation of God in Jesus of Nazareth. In the first section of this article, the understanding of this liturgical centre is unpacked within different denominational contexts (mystery celebration, proclamation event, sacred play, staging of the gospel,...
- Author
- Benedikt Kranemann
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Witness and Evangelism
- Witness and evangelism are concepts related to how Christians participate in the mission of the triune God (missio Dei). As stated in Together Toward Life, a document published by the World Council of Churches Commission on World Mission and Evangelism (CWME), God’s mission is to share th...
- Author
- Mark R. Teasdale
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Virginity in the Christian Tradition
- This entry traces the development of the Christian understanding of virginity with specific attention to theology and embodied, ecclesial practice. Often reductively assumed to be the bodily state of one (usually a woman) who has not had sexual intercourse, this entry examines virginity m...
- Author
- Amy Brown Hughes
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Teshuva
- This encyclopaedia article aims to provide an exhaustive investigation of the concept of Teshuva in Jewish thought, with a focus on its historical trajectory and multifaceted interpretations. The term teshuva in Hebrew etymologically means ‘return’, suggesting a journey back to an original st...
- Author
- Ghila Amati and Miri Freud-Kandel
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
A Jewish Theology of Food
- This article addresses how Jewish food practices are an expression of Jewish theology. It addresses the question: how is Jewish food ‘God talk?’ and what forms does it take? Jewish dietary practices, the kosher laws, etc., are a kind of Jewish body-language. Attention is paid first to bibli...
- Author
- Jonathan Brumberg-Kraus
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
The Straight Path (al-Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm)
- Al-Ṣirāṭ al-Mustaqīm (the Straight Path) is a central concept within the Islamic tradition. It is loosely understood as the path that leads to God, often being employed as a reference to the Qur’an, the Prophet Muḥammad, or Islam in general. Throughout the history of Islam, many scholars an...
- Author
- Mohammed Gamal Abdelnour
- Faith tradition
- Islam
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
The Theology of the Icon
- The Christian icon – from eikon, the Greek word for ‘image’ – has been part of liturgical worship from the early centuries of the Christian era, and sometimes also a subject of theological debate. On the one hand, icons have been described by iconodules or iconophiles (those defending icons...
- Author
- Aidan Hart
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Music and Orthodox Theology
- The expression of theology by means of music in the Orthodox Church is something that has been discussed and regulated since the Patristic era, which itself takes as its basis the Psalms and the Gospels. The way in which this expression has been achieved practically, however, has varied consi...
- Author
- Ivan Moody
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
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