After a short overview of angels in Islam, this entry begins with a description of the role angels play in the Qur’an, focusing on their appearance in prophetic narratives, in descriptions of heaven and hell, and in debates the Qur’an has with its polytheist interlocutors. While the Qur’an ...
The doctrine of angels is not the heart of the gospel. However, it is also not extrinsic cultural symbolism borrowed from the surrounding culture, purely accidental, as a means through which the Christian faith expressed itself in the past, and which it could – or even should – abandon today ...
Iblīs is the name of a spiritual being reported within a single narrative told in varying forms in seven sūras of the Qur’an. He then develops in subsequent tradition into the dedicated adversary of humanity. The foundational story is that, having created Adam, God commands the angels to bo...