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Hope
- In Christian theology, hope denotes an attitude that evaluates one’s present condition in relation to a desired outcome and the possibilities of attaining it. In ancient Greek literature, hope is not considered a virtue; rather, many classical works portray it negatively. It is only with th...
- Author
- Olli-Pekka Vainio
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Heaven
- Beyond its basic meaning as the divine dwelling place, the idea in Christian theology of heaven as the ultimate (or penultimate) destiny of human beings is where most reflection has focused, and where most problems arise. The first part of this entry explores conceptual issues, the second...
- Author
- David Brown
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Evil and Suffering
- Evil and suffering are understood within the framework of divine wisdom and human will. The empirical fact of suffering in God’s world provides a significant and indicative theme for Islamic thought. Already forming part of the Qur’an’s diagnosis of the human condition as exemplified with p...
- Author
- Tim Winter
- Faith tradition
- Islam
- Topics
- Being and existence
Dispensationalism
- The theological approach to the Bible called dispensationalism has had a long and controversial history in the Christian church, and its impact on the global church over the last century and a half can hardly be denied (69–100; 9–56; ; ). The movement emerged in the nineteenth century and h...
- Author
- Darrell L. Bock
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Theological movements
Reasons for the Commandments (Kabbalah)
- This article delves into Kabbalistic rationales for the commandments, tracing their theological constructs since their origin in the late twelfth century. It highlights the four aspects of these rationales: theurgic, magical, mystical, and eschatological, showcasing their unique approach to d...
- Author
- Leore Sachs-Shmueli
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Law
Participation in the Christian Doctrinal and Philosophical Tradition
- ‘Participation’ or ‘partaking’ has featured in Christian theology since the New Testament, describing a relation of derivation, likeness, or communion. Theologians including Gregory of Nyssa, Augustine of Hippo, Pseudo-Dionysius, Maximus the Confessor, and Thomas Aquinas made this theme a...
- Author
- Andrew Davison
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Angels (malāʾika)
- In Islam, angels (malāʾika) are spiritual beings created by God, tasked with various roles that include delivering revelations, recording human deeds, and serving as guardians. After a short overview of angels in Islam, this entry begins with a description of the role angels play in the Qur...
- Author
- Stephen Burge
- Faith tradition
- Islam
- Topics
- Being and existence
The Exodus Motif in the Christian Bible
- The book of Exodus and the exodus event are reactualized and recontextualized in subsequent biblical books. Indeed, the Israelites developed a virtual ‘exodus grammar’ when talking about their liberation from the Egyptians. The New Testament literature appeals to the founding event as well; i...
- Author
- Bryan Estelle
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Sacred texts
The Last Judgment
- The last judgment is widely understood in Christianity as something which will take place in the eschata or eschaton (sometimes called ‘the end times’), with only marginal significance for everyday life. A closer look reveals this notion to be misguided. Understanding the last judgment as a...
- Author
- Markus Mühling
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence, Law
Resurrection of the Dead
- This article explores the Christian notion of the resurrection of the dead under four headings: finality, individuality, communality and hope. For each, it takes its starting point in 1 Corinthians 15, and from there explores the debates and controversies associated with each basic affirmat...
- Author
- Susannah Ticciati
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Sacred texts
1 - 10 of 17 Results.