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Anglican Theology
In his doctrine of participation , rooted in the doctrine of the Trinity and finding expression in the sacraments, he provided a rich example of this ( Dominiak 2019 ). 3 Historic formularies 3.1 The Book of Common Prayer Cranmer’s first and second editions of the BCP had borrowed from several sources including the Roman Missal, pre-Reformation regional Roman liturgies such as the Sarum rite, many ancient Latin collects translated into English by Cranmer, and different prayers of Protestant groups and Reformers.
Magisterial Teaching of John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Francis
In paragraph 2 of the encyclical, John Paul II listed as his reasons for writing the document: To respond to the many requests for a document of this kind; to clear up doubts and ambiguities regarding missionary activity ad gentes , and to confirm in their commitment those exemplary brothers and sisters dedicated to missionary activity and all those who assist them; to foster missionary vocations; to encourage theologians to explore and expound systematically the various aspects of missionary activity; to give a fresh impulse to missionary activity by fostering the commitment of the particular churches - especially those of recent origin - to send forth and receive missionaries; and to assure non-Christians and particularly the authorities of countries to which missionary activity is being directed that all of this has but one purpose: to serve man by revealing to him the love of God made manifest in Jesus Christ. ( Redemptoris Missio 1990: paragraph 2) Consistent with his general trinitarian Christocentrism, and his first tranche of encyclicals, John Paul II associated the missionary work of the Church with the missions of the Persons of the Holy Trinity. Of the fundamental theology quartet, the most prominent was Fides et ratio (1998).
Divine Energies
All three hypostases of the Trinity are co-eternal and co-equal, but have their specific identifying characteristics ( gnōristikai idiotētes ).
Evil
In relation to atonement there has been no moment of doctrinal decision or dogmatic formulation, nothing which might parallel doctrinal developments around the doctrine of the Trinity or the divine and human natures of Christ (this consensus about the plurality of possible theories of atonement does not quite extend to all theologians: some conservative evangelicals , including those who sign up to the five ‘fundamentals’ of the Christian faith set out in 1910 by the Northern Presbyterian Church, are in fact doctrinally committed to a particular atonement theory, namely a substitutionary account of the atonement, and for those in this tradition there has indeed been a moment of doctrinal decision about what faithful reading of scripture requires).
Queer Theology
Queer theologians have followed this expansive stance and brought a wide range of differing Christian doctrines into contact with queer theology: eschatology ( Daniels 2017 ); the Trinity ( Tonstad 2015 ); the nature of God ( Isherwood 2015 ); and many more.
The Spirit in the Christian Bible
One mode of reading theologically discerns in the OT the presence of the Trinity – Father, Son, and Holy Spirit – for instance, in the words, ‘let us make’, (in Gen 1:26) or the angels that visit Abraham and Sarah (Gen 18:1–15). When the spirit appears, this is the Spirit – read from the perspective of later Christian theology – of the Trinity. A more historically-orientated mode of reading sees ruaḥ in the OT as an Israelite and Jewish reality that cannot be suffused with conceptions of the Trinity.
Orthodox Political Theology
It was a case of subordinalism, which understands the Trinity as a hierarchy of persons. In this hierarchy, the Father is believed to be superior to the Son and the Holy Spirit.
Systematic Theology in the Nordic Countries after 1945
Linking this position to one of the main claims in modern trinitarian thought, we can realize how the human experience of the phenomena visible as historical manifestations of the economic Trinity provide a basis for further considerations about the relations between the three persons in the Trinity.
Creation
Secondly, it tends for this reason to be treated as less a matter of faith (and thus as carrying greater apologetic potential) than seemingly more Christian-specific doctrines like the Trinity or original sin. However, contradicting these positions, it is important to stress that the Christian doctrine of creation is a matter of faith (see Heb 11:3) and therefore not a claim that is open to empirical testing by reference to scientific accounts of the world’s origin or structure.
Jesus as Substitute
Like the doctrine of the Trinity, it cannot simply be lifted from the pages of the Bible, and requires careful biblical, theological, and historical work.
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