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Purgatory in Historical Perspective
- Purgatory is a place, state, or stage in the Christian afterlife where, after death, the soul is purged of minor, unexpiated sin so that it can be fit for heaven. ‘Purgatory’ derives from the Latin purgare (to purge) and hence as the noun purgatorium it is a place of purgation and purific...
- Author
- Isabel Moreira
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Pilgrimage
- Pilgrimage often refers to spiritual journeys and is a topic associated with multifaceted theories and practices in global, historical Christianity. First, this article explores the physical, internal, and allegorical aspects of pilgrimage journeys. This article then examines the scriptural...
- Author
- Melody Bellefeuille-Frost
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Creation
- Popular understandings of the Christian doctrine of creation are subject to two common misconceptions. Firstly, it is often viewed as a scientific hypothesis or historical claim about the origin of the world. Secondly, it tends for this reason to be treated as less a matter of faith (and th...
- Author
- Ian A. McFarland
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Lutheran Ecclesiology
- Lutheran ecclesiology is an outgrowth of a reform movement within the Western church and shares scriptural underpinnings with this broader tradition. The Lutheran reformers’ convictions about the church and the basic contours of an ecclesiology found binding expression in the Lutheran confe...
- Author
- Jonathan Mumme
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Theological movements
Hasidism: Its Thought and Theology
- The goal of this article is to present the theological ideas of the Hasidic movement as found in the works of its founders. It delves into the kabbalistic roots of Hasidism from the sixteenth century and explains its place in the world of Kabbalah, as well as its unique innovative ideas. Th...
- Author
- Raphael Shuchat
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Theological movements
The History of Medical Ethics
- Medical ethics has three interrelated but distinguishable meanings: guild etiquette and moral expectations for physicians; moral concerns directly related to treatment protocols (including issues of patients’ rights); and the general moral assessment of health promotion and disease preventi...
- Author
- James Thobaben
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Ethics, Philosophy and science
Divine Unicity (tawḥīd)
- The Arabic word tawḥīd is a transitive verb; it means ‘to make [something] one’ or ‘to unify’ something. In the context of Islamic belief and practice, tawḥīd means to profess the unity and uniqueness of God and stands as a core defining principle of Islam. Muslims attest to tawḥīd through ...
- Author
- Khalil Andani
- Faith tradition
- Islam
- Topics
- Being and existence
René Girard and Mimetic Theory
- René Girard is not a theologian; he is best described as fundamental anthropologist and culture theorist. His versatile system of hermeneutical and heuristic thinking is known to its author as ‘the Mimetic Theory’. Girardian ‘mimesis’ denotes, in a myriad of particular forms, a stru...
- Author
- Paul Gifford
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Philosophy and science
The Natures, Minds, and Wills of Christ in Christian Philosophy
- This article surveys the controversies concerning Jesus’ natures, minds, and wills. It begins with an overview of the debates concerning the exegesis of relevant scriptural passages; the historical controversies leading up to the landmark Chalcedonian Definition (451 CE); and significant ...
- Author
- Andrew Ter Ern Loke
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Law in the New Testament
- This article explores the theme of law in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. Law is almost ubiquitous in the twenty-seven books comprising the New Testament, being a main theme in the letters of Paul and several Gospels, as well as parts of Acts and the Catholic letters. In these s...
- Author
- Matthew V. Novenson
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Law, Sacred texts
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