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Hermeneutical Theology
- Hermeneutical theology is an approach to theological inquiry arising from the work of Karl Barth and Rudolf Bultmann around the midpoint of the twentieth century. The movement materialized in the works of Gerhard Ebeling, Ernst Fuchs, and Eberhard Jüngel as they engaged with the broader ‘li...
- Author
- C. M. Howell
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Theological methods
Pentecostal Theology
- A Pentecostal theology distinct from other Christian traditions was evident from the start of the modern-day Pentecostal revivals that occurred worldwide at the turn to the twentieth century. Yet, initially, Pentecostals viewed themselves as an ecumenical movement and did not develop an i...
- Author
- Wolfgang Vondey
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Theological movements
Participation in the Christian Doctrinal and Philosophical Tradition
- ‘Participation’ or ‘partaking’ has featured in Christian theology since the New Testament, describing a relation of derivation, likeness, or communion. Theologians including Gregory of Nyssa, Augustine of Hippo, Pseudo-Dionysius, Maximus the Confessor, and Thomas Aquinas made this theme a...
- Author
- Andrew Davison
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Dialogical Theology
- Dialogical or interreligious theology is a new kind of theology that accepts and celebrates religious plurality and is grounded in dialogical praxis. Object and method of this theology are dialogical. Whereas confessional theology is the reflection upon one’s own religion, interreligious th...
- Author
- Ephraim Meir
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Theological methods
Angels (malāʾika)
- In Islam, angels (malāʾika) are spiritual beings created by God, tasked with various roles that include delivering revelations, recording human deeds, and serving as guardians. After a short overview of angels in Islam, this entry begins with a description of the role angels play in the Qur...
- Author
- Stephen Burge
- Faith tradition
- Islam
- Topics
- Being and existence
Threefold Office of Jesus as Prophet, Priest, and King
- The threefold office (munus triplex) identifies Jesus Christ as prophet, priest, and king, and it draws on these titles to advance theological accounts of his saving work. Although the munus triplex is typically associated with John Calvin and the Reformed tradition, it holds broad signific...
- Author
- Paul Dafydd Jones
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Theological methods
Witness and Evangelism
- Witness and evangelism are concepts related to how Christians participate in the mission of the triune God (missio Dei). As stated in Together Toward Life, a document published by the World Council of Churches Commission on World Mission and Evangelism (CWME), God’s mission is to share th...
- Author
- Mark R. Teasdale
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Caitanya Vaiṣṇavism
- This article examines various aspects of the Caitanya Vaiṣṇava tradition, a Hindu devotional tradition that centres on devotion to the deity Krishna (Kṛṣṇa). First, the entry provides a historical overview, followed by a description of how the tradition views Krishna as an omnipotent, omnib...
- Author
- Akshay Gupta
- Faith tradition
- Hinduism
- Topics
- Theological movements
The History of Science and Theology
- This entry offers a history of the different ways in which the formal study of the natural world has been related to theological considerations in the Western Christian tradition. Because what counts as science and what counts as theology has changed over time, it begins with a history of t...
- Author
- Peter Harrison
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Philosophy and science
The Last Judgment
- The last judgment is widely understood in Christianity as something which will take place in the eschata or eschaton (sometimes called ‘the end times’), with only marginal significance for everyday life. A closer look reveals this notion to be misguided. Understanding the last judgment as a...
- Author
- Markus Mühling
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence, Law
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