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The Last Judgment
- The last judgment is widely understood in Christianity as something which will take place in the eschata or eschaton (sometimes called ‘the end times’), with only marginal significance for everyday life. A closer look reveals this notion to be misguided. Understanding the last judgment as a...
- Author
- Markus Mühling
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence, Law
Jewish Ethics
- Before modern times, there was no systematic account of Jewish ethics. This can be attributed to the fact that Jewish tradition never considered ethics an autonomous subject matter or mode of inquiry. There is no indigenous Hebrew word for ethics, describing what ancient Greek thinkers used t...
- Author
- Eugene Korn
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Ethics
Bhakti
- Bhakti is a central concept in Hinduism that embodies a multifaceted approach to divine engagement that transcends simple definitions. At the heart of many forms of Hinduism is a multiple-layered vision of becoming concentred in the divine reality. Across three millennia of Hindu sociorelig...
- Author
- Ankur Barua
- Faith tradition
- Hinduism
- Topics
- Being and existence, Spiritual life and practices
Reincarnation
- Reincarnation (metempsychosis, transmigration, referring to the same Hebrew concepts ha’atakah, gilgul) is a belief that has been historically present in Jewish culture since at least the tenth century, with written kabbalistic traditions circulating among Kabbalists in medieval Spain, Fran...
- Author
- Leore Sachs-Shmueli
- Faith tradition
- Judaism
- Topics
- Being and existence
Ecological Ethics
- Challenged to determine the efficacy of Christian theology for addressing human-induced problems that are imperilling species, ecosystems, and the biosphere of Earth, theologians have been responding in a variety of ways for several decades. Some theologians have corrected uninformed interp...
- Author
- Jame Schaefer
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Ethics
Theology and the Cognitive Science of Religion
- Cognitive science of religion (CSR) is the study of how mental processes interact with and influence the formation and transmission of religious concepts. In this article, we examine how CSR may contribute to theological research and ministry practice. We begin with both an overview of CSR ...
- Author
- Tyler Greenway and Justin L. Barrett
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Philosophy and science
Virginity in the Christian Tradition
- This entry traces the development of the Christian understanding of virginity with specific attention to theology and embodied, ecclesial practice. Often reductively assumed to be the bodily state of one (usually a woman) who has not had sexual intercourse, this entry examines virginity m...
- Author
- Amy Brown Hughes
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Spiritual life and practices
Jesus’ Descent into Hell
- The Apostles’ Creed affirms that, between his death and resurrection, Jesus Christ descendit ad inferna, ‘descended to the realm of the dead’ or, more traditionally, ‘descended into hell’. Christians across time and history have expressed particular interpretations of this clause in liturgy...
- Author
- Preston McDaniel Hill and Catherine Ella Laufer
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Hell
- In contemporary English, ‘hell’ is almost always used to refer either literally or metaphorically to a place of post-mortem punishment. However, in a longer perspective, the term was once commonly used to allude to the underworld more generally. In the latter sense in the Catholic West it b...
- Author
- David Brown
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
Angels in Christian Theology
- In Christian theology, angels are understood as spiritual beings created by God, primarily serving as messengers and intermediaries between the divine and humanity. They are depicted as possessing qualities of wisdom, power, and holiness, often portrayed in art and literature with human-like ...
- Author
- Serge-Thomas Bonino
- Faith tradition
- Christianity
- Topics
- Being and existence
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